https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22910 Suncus murinus revealed that it had "broad-spectrum" anti-emetic effects against stimuli acting via both central (vestibular system, area postrema) and peripheral (abdominal vagal afferents) inputs. One of several hypotheses discussed here is that the anti-emetic effect is due to acute depletion of substance P (or another peptide) at a critical site (e.g. nucleus tractus solitarius) in the central emetic pathway. Studies in Suncus murinus revealed a potential for a long lasting (one month) effect against the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Subsequent studies using telemetry in the conscious ferret compared the anti-emetic, hypothermic and hypertensive effects of resiniferatoxin (pungent) and olvanil (non-pungent) and showed that the anti-emetic effect was present (but reduced) with olvanil which although inducing hypothermia it did not have the marked hypertensive effects of resiniferatoxin. The review concludes by discussing general insights into emetic pathways and their pharmacology revealed by these relatively overlooked studies with TRPV1 activators (pungent an non-pungent; high and low lipophilicity) and antagonists and the potential clinical utility of agents targeted at the TRPV1 system.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:53:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41241 Sat 30 Jul 2022 12:26:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17326 120) or Glasgow Coma Scale score <14 on arrival were excluded. Nausea, vomiting, and antiemetic use were recorded. RESULTS: Convenience sample of 196 trauma resuscitation patients (68% men; age, 42 ± 18 years, mean Injury Severity Score 8 ± 7) were interviewed over the 5-month study period, of a total 369 admitted trauma patients (53%). Seventy-five (38%) patients reported some degree of nausea, 57 (29%) moderate or severe nausea, and 15 (8%) vomited. Older age and female gender were associated with vomiting (p < 0.01). Seventy-nine patients (40%) received a prophylactic antiemetic. Of these, four became nauseous (5%), compared with 71 of 117 (61%) for patients not given an antiemetic (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Prehospital nausea and vomiting are more common in our cohort of trauma patients than the reported rates in the literature for nontrauma patients transported to hospital by ambulance. Only 40% of patients receive prophylactic antiemetics, but those patients are less likely to develop symptoms.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:47 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27058 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:25:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24383 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:16:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24867 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:21 AEDT ]]>